Typical earthworks include road construction, railway beds, causeways, dams, levees, canals, and berms.
Other common earthworks are land grading to reconfigure the topography of a site, or to stabilize slopes.
Heavy construction equipement is usually used due to the amounts of material to be moved -up to millions of cubic metres.
Earthwork construction was revolutionized by the development of the (Fresno) scraper and other earth-moving
machines such as the loader, the dump truck, the grader, the bulldozer, the backhoe, and the dragline excavator.
